Understand the journey
Networks
Separate time spent waiting from time spent moving data. These are different constraints, even when a connection is described by a single speed.
- comparison
Latency vs bandwidth
Waiting is not the same as transferring. See how round-trip time, body size and goodput shape one simplified response.
Explore the idea - concept
IP addresses
An IP address is a network-layer identifier used to deliver packets to an interface or endpoint context.
Explore the idea - comparison
TCP vs UDP
TCP provides an ordered, reliable *byte-stream service* under its protocol conditions, using sequence information, acknowledgments and retransmission.
Explore the idea - concept
Network ports
A network port helps identify a transport endpoint within a host's protocol stack.
Explore the idea - concept
CIDR and subnet masks
CIDR combines an IP address and prefix length, such as `192.0.2.0/24`, to describe a range of IP addresses by their leading bits.
Explore the idea - troubleshooting
Connection refused vs timeout
Connection refused and connection timed out describe different observations before an HTTP response is necessarily available.
Explore the idea
Begin with latency and bandwidth. Our bounded timing model lets you change round-trip time, body size and useful data rate independently. It is an explanation, not a speed test.